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Volume 102 • Number 1

January 2003



 

Whethamstede on Lollardy: Latin Styles and the Vernacular Cultures of Early Fifteenth-Century England*

David R. Carlson, University of Ottawa

At some point between about 1427 and 1443, John Whethamstede-the Lydgate patron, crony of Humfrey of Gloucester, and serial abbot of St. Albans (1420-1440 and again 1452-1465)-wrote a Latin poem on lollardy. The poem is in the florid style that characterizes late medieval scholastic Latin verse, with complex patterns and combinations of rhythm, rhyme, assonance, and alliteration; it also incorporates various Greek terms and possibly refers to Plato, suggesting obligations to the nascent humanist movement at an unusually early date for England. In terms of substance, the poem's comments on lollardy are anodyne; stylistically, however, the poem's marshaling of both scholastic and humanist idioms for its attack on vernacular theology sheds light on relations between Latin and English at the time, between scholastic and humanist within Latin, and, to a lesser degree, between the Chaucerian and the Langlandian traditions, broadly speaking, within English.

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