Whethamstede on Lollardy:
Latin Styles and the Vernacular Cultures
of Early Fifteenth-Century England*
David R. Carlson, University of Ottawa
At some point between about 1427 and 1443, John Whethamstede-the
Lydgate patron, crony of Humfrey of Gloucester, and serial abbot of St.
Albans (1420-1440 and again 1452-1465)-wrote a Latin poem on lollardy.
The poem is in the florid style that characterizes late medieval
scholastic Latin verse, with complex patterns and combinations of rhythm,
rhyme, assonance, and alliteration; it also incorporates various Greek
terms and possibly refers to Plato, suggesting obligations to the nascent
humanist movement at an unusually early date for England. In terms of
substance, the poem's comments on lollardy are anodyne; stylistically,
however, the poem's marshaling of both scholastic and humanist idioms for its attack on vernacular theology sheds light on relations between Latin
and English at the time, between scholastic and humanist within Latin,
and, to a lesser degree, between the Chaucerian and the Langlandian
traditions, broadly speaking, within English.
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